Search results for "SocArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Library and Information Science"
showing 10 items of 2071 documents
Macrolides May Prevent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Entry into Cells: A Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship Study and Exp…
2021
The global pandemic caused by the emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is threatening the health and economic systems worldwide. Despite the enormous efforts of scientists and clinicians around the world, there is still no drug or vaccine available worldwide for the treatment and prevention of the infection. A rapid strategy for the identification of new treatments is based on repurposing existing clinically approved drugs that show antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, after developing a quantitative structure activity relationship analysis based on molecular topology, several macrolide antibiotics are identified as promising SARS-…
Worsening of pre-existing psychiatric conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic
2020
This study anonymously examined 2,734 psychiatric patients worldwide for worsening of their pre-existing psychiatric condition during the COVID-19 pandemic. Valid responses mainly from 12 featured countries indicated self-reported worsening of psychiatric conditions in 2/3rd of the patients assessed that was validated through their significantly higher scores on scales for general psychological disturbance, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression. Female gender, feeling no control of the situation and reporting dissatisfaction with the response of the state during the COVID-19 pandemic, and reduced interaction with family and friends increased the worsening of pre-existing psychiatri…
Mental Health Impact of COVID-19: A global study of risk and resilience factors
2020
AbstractThis study anonymously screened 13,332 individuals worldwide for psychological symptoms related to Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic from March 29th to April 14th, 2020. A total of n=12,817 responses were considered valid with responses from 12 featured countries and five WHO regions. Female gender, pre-existing psychiatric condition, and prior exposure to trauma were identified as notable risk factors, whereas optimism, ability to share concerns with family and friends like usual, positive prediction about COVID-19, and daily exercise predicted fewer psychological symptoms. These results could aid in dynamic optimization of mental health services during and following CO…
Role of biomarkers in the management of antibiotic therapy: an expert panel review II: clinical use of biomarkers for initiation or discontinuation o…
2013
Abstract Biomarker-guided initiation of antibiotic therapy has been studied in four conditions: acute pancreatitis, lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), meningitis, and sepsis in the ICU. In pancreatitis with suspected infected necrosis, initiating antibiotics best relies on fine-needle aspiration and demonstration of infected material. We suggest that PCT be measured to help predict infection; however, available data are insufficient to decide on initiating antibiotics based on PCT levels. In adult patients suspected of community-acquired LRTI, we suggest withholding antibiotic therapy when the serum PCT level is low (<0.25 ng/mL); in patients having nosocomial LRTI, data are insuf…
Interhemispheric inhibition during mental actions of different complexity.
2013
International audience; Several investigations suggest that actual and mental actions trigger similar neural substrates. Yet, neurophysiological evidences on the nature of interhemispheric interactions during mental movements are still meagre. Here, we asked whether the content of mental images, investigated by task complexity, is finely represented in the inhibitory interactions between the two primary motor cortices (M1s). Subjects' left M1 was stimulated by means of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) while they were performing actual or mental movements of increasing complexity with their right hand and exerting a maximum isometric force with their left thumb and index. Thus, we sim…
heritage and culture as instruments of qualification of urban spaces : the case of the Musée Urbain Tony Garnier
2014
International audience; In this essay we will bring up the question of designing atypical objects, in this case, social housing, as cultural heritage. The continuing process of development of western cities raises new questions concerning division of living-areas produces districts of mixed populations, together with phenomena of social differentiation. Heritage and culture are henceforward tools for distinguishing social spaces and the groups of the associations movement unceasingly produces new heritage-artefacts, sometimes in contradiction with the administrative services of universe of heritage, and the concept of public good is in a certain way made use of in growing phenomena of urban…
The “becoming archive” of digital photography: urban ordinary enunciations in digital social networks
2018
The research shows how the plurality of actors varies the urban memory through the process of documentary mediation in digital social networks. An ethnosemiotic approach questions the “becoming archive” of photographic ordinary enunciations published on social networks, and their potential change in documentary traces of the territory.
Habitação popular e patrimônio : Uma utopia em devir ?
2011
International audience
How do gender, Internet activity and learning beliefs predict sixth-grade students’ self-efficacy beliefs in and attitudes towards online inquiry?
2021
Today’s students search, evaluate and actively use Web information in their school assignments, that is, they conduct an online inquiry. This current survey study addresses sixth-grade students’ self-efficacy beliefs in and attitudes towards online inquiry, and to what extent free-time and school-related Internet activity, gender and learning beliefs explain these. The questionnaire was administered in 10 schools to 340 sixth-graders in Finland. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed three elements of self-efficacy beliefs: self-efficacy in Web searching, the evaluation of sources and synthesising information. Furthermore, attitudes towards online inquiry loaded into two fact…
L'exposition photographique en extérieur ou la fabrique du non-public
2010
International audience; Depuis une dizaine d'années, des expositions photographiques sont présentées en extérieur. Les organisateurs (institutions, collectivités) espèrent ainsi renouveler les publics et participer à la démocratisation de la culture. Or, dans ses formes actuelles, ce nouveau mode d'exposition contribue plutôt à reproduire la distance culturelle et à fabriquer du non-public. La mise à distance de ces catégories coupées des œuvres, car ne fréquentant pas les équipements consacrés, passe par le choix des lieux et des thématiques d'exposition.